CIVILIANS ENJOYING SPECIAL PROTECTION IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18485/Keywords:
international humanitarian law, civilians, children, women, journalistsAbstract
In addition to general protection afforded to all civilians, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) provides additional safeguards to some categories of civilians due to their vulnerability or exposure to risk in armed conflicts. This additional protection is enjoyed by children, women and journalists. IHL proclaims the principle of special protection of children in armed conflicts, and envisages an array of individual rules that provide for the implementation of this principle. Under the IHL framework, women enjoy dual protection in armed conflicts. First of all, they are protected from the effects of hostilities; second, they are protected from all forms of abuse and prohibited practices they may be exposed to when in the power of a adversary party in armed conflicts. As far as journalists are concerned, IHL makes a clear distinction between war correspondents and journalist engaged in dangerous professional missions. War correspondents fall into the category of noncombatants; in case of falling into the power of the enemy, they have the status of prisoners of war. On the other hand, journalist engaged in dangerous professional missions in armed conflict areas are considered to be civilians.
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