COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF THE MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM IN COMMUNITY IN ITALY AND SERBIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18485/Keywords:
protection of mental health in the community, deinstitutionalization, community based services, social entrepreneurshipAbstract
The process of change from institutional care to the protection of mental health in the community inevitably implies constant changes and sets new requirements in terms of approach to beneficiaries, work organization and the development of a whole spectrum of new competences for community work. Although one of the goals of the reform of the social care system in Serbia was to reduce institutionalization and advocate for the protection of beneficiaries in the least restrictive environment, there were no significant results. There are no clear strategic commitments, there is a gap between the normative and the practical, the services in the community are not sufficiently developed. Italy is by many characteristics a country in which the model of mental health protection in the community is the most developed. The beginnings of the process are related to Dr Franco Basaglia and his work in the large mental hospital St John (San Giovanni), which was the first one to be deinstitutionalised and whose case today serves as a basis for the development of contemporary mental health care in the community. The paper presents the characteristics of mental health protection in Italy and Serbia. Through a historical perspective, the analysis of legislation and the current level of development of the community based services, it determines whether and under what conditions it is possible to apply the basic features of the Italian model in the context of Serbia.
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