Epistemička dimenzija donošenja odluka u epistemokratiji i demokratiji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18485/Ključne reči:
epistemokratija, demokratija, epistemička demokratija, politička epistemologija, ekspertiza, teorija donošenja odlukaApstrakt
U radu nastojimo da pokažemo važnost epistemologije u procesu donošenja političkih odluka i slabosti demokratije kada je u pitanju epistemička dimenzija. Ključna pretpostavka rada je da epistemička dimenzija utiče na kvalitet odluka, što onda vodi ka dilemi da li se u demokratiji ili epistemokratiji kvalitetnije donose odluke. U radu ovu dilemu pokušavamo razrešiti iznošenjem vrlina i mana svakog sistema posebno, kao i njihovih varijanti koje opisujemo i međusobno upoređujemo. Prvo iznosimo epistemičko opravdanje demokratije od strane demokratskih teoretičara i njihove kritike prema epistemokratiji, a onda iznosimo neke modele epistemokratije od strane nekoliko političkih teoretičara i njihove argumente za svaki. Autor nakon ovoga iznosi svoje mišljenje o ovom problemu i model po kojem bi se mogli rešiti neki problemi epistemokratije. Iz svega ovoga na kraju izvlačimo zaključke o potrebi za dizajniranjem epistemokratskih institucija u savremenim državama, daljim razvijanjem teorija o epistemokratiji i epistemičkoj demokratiji i empirijskim istraživanjima na ovu temu.
Reference
[1] Anderson, Elizabeth, “The Epistemology of Democracy”, Episteme, Vol. 3, No. 1–2, 2006; Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/epistemology-of-democracy/F86F1D124D2E081116611043BD54CBD9# (Downloaded from http:/www.cambridge.org/core. National Library of Serbia, on 03 Jan 2017 at 16:06:01), pp. 8–22.
[2] Brennan, Jason, Brexit, Democracy, and Epistocracy, Princeton University Press Blog, June 24, 2016; Available from: http://blog.press.princeton.edu/2016/06/24/ethicist-jason-brennan-brexit-democracy-and-epistocracy/ (Accessed 2 September 2017).
[3] Christiano, Thomas, 1996, “The Rule of the Many: Fundamental Issues in Democratic Theory”, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996, chap. 5. In: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Democracy, 2006; Available from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/democracy/ (Accessed 2 September 2017).
[4] Cohen, Joshua, “An Epistemic Conception of Democracy”, Ethics, vol. 97, no. 1, 1986; Available from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2381404 (This content downloaded from 147.91.1.45 on Tue, 03 Jan 2017 15:55:19 UTC), pp. 26–38.
[5] Dawkins, Richard, The Selfish Gene, Oxford University Press, New York, 1989; Available from: http://s-f-walker.org.uk/pubsebooks/pdfs/Richard_Dawkins_The_Selfish_Gene.pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017).
[6] Estlund, M. David, Democratic authority: a philosophical framework, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2008; Available from: https://philpapers.org/rec/ESTDAA (Accessed 2 September 2017).
[7] Friedman, Jeffrey, “Political Epistemology”, Critical Review, vol. 26, no. 1–2, 2014; Available from: http://www.criticalreview.com/crf/jf/Friedman%20political%20epistemology.pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 1–14.
[8] Hayek, A. Friedrich, “The Use of Knowledge in Society”, The American Economic Review, vol. 35, no. 4, 1945; Available from: http://home.uchicago.edu/~vlima/courses/econ200/spring01/hayek.pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 519–530.
[9] Janković, Ivana, „Deliberativna demokratija – istorija jedne ideje”, Theoria, vol. 55, no. 2, 2012; Dostupno preko: http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0351-2274/2012/0351-22741202021J.pdf (Pristupljeno 02. septembra 2017), str. 21–52.
[10] Jeffrey, Anne, “Limited Epistocracy and Political Inclusion”, Episteme, 2017; Available from: https://philpapers.org/archive/ANNLEA-2.pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 1–35.
[11] Kostić, Aleksandar, Kognitivna psihologija, Zavod za udžbenike, Beograd, 2014.
[12] Min, B. John, “Epistocracy and democratic epistemology”, Politics in Central Europe, vol. 11, no. 1, 2015; Available from: https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pce.2015.11.issue-1/pce-2015-0005/pce-2015-0005.pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 91–112.
[13] Pavićević, Đorđe, „Javni um kao politički ideal: shvatanje Džona Rolsa”, Filozofija i društvo, vol. 18, no. 2, 2007; Dostupno preko: http://instifdt.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/Dj.Pavicevic-2-2007.pdf (Pristupljeno 02. septembra 2017), str. 209–234.
[14] Prijić-Samardžija, Snježana, „Epistemičko opravdanje demokracije: epistemička vrijednost proceduralne pravičnosti”, Prolegomena, vol. 13, br. 2, 2014; Dostupno preko: http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=191540 (Pristupljeno 02. septembra 2017), str. 373–392.
[15] Schunn,D. Christian &Andreson R.John, “TheGenerality/Specifcity of Expertise in Scientific Reasoning”, Cognitive Science, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1999; Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1207/s15516709cog2303_3/pdf (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 337–370.
[16] Stoiljković, Ana, „Donošenje odluka u savremenoj državi”. U: Vukašin Pavlović i Zoran Stoiljković (urs.), Savremena država: struktura i socijalne funkcije, KAS i FPN, Beograd, 2010; Dostupno preko: http://www.fpn.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/savremena-drzava-struktura-i-socijalne-funkcije.pdf (Pristupljeno 02. septembra 2017), str. 113–140.
[17.] Turner, Stephen, ”Political Epistemology, Experts and the Aggregation of Knowledge”, Spontaneous Generations, Vol. 1, No. 1, University of Toronto, 2007; Available from: http://spontaneousgenerations.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/SpontaneousGenerations/article/view/2970 (Accessed 2 September 2017), pp. 36–47.
##submission.downloads##
Objavljeno
Broj časopisa
Rubrika
Licenca
Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno-Deli pod istim uslovima 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
