Transformacije javnog stanovanja u Kini u kontekstu socioekonomskih i demografskih promena
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18485/Ključne reči:
Kina, javno stanovanje, država blagostanja, tržišne reforme, ekonomski rast, urbanizacija, migrantiApstrakt
Cilj rada je prikaz transformacija javnog stanovanja u Kini u kontekstu socio-ekonomskih i demografskih promena i određivanje modela države blagostanja koji se javlja kao posledica ovih transformacija. Najpre će biti prikazane karakteristike javnog stanovanja u periodu centralnog planiranja, a zatim faze kroz koje je javno stanovanje prošlo od uvođenja tržišnih reformi do danas. Prva faza obuhvata period postepene liberalizacije stambenog sektora od 1978. do 1997. godine, druga faza period od 1998. do 2008, kada javno stanovanje poprima liberalni karakter sa elementima produktivizma, dok treća faza obuhvata period nakon 2008. godine, u kome javno stanovanje doživljava preporod. Stanovište autora je da ovakav zaokret u politici javnog stanovanja nije samo posledica želje vlasti da se vrati socijalističkim korenima i zadovolji stambene potrebe gradskog stanovništva, već za cilj ima i prilagođavanje politike javnog stanovanja promenama na tržištu rada, što u krajnjoj instanci vodi daljoj urbanizaciji, ekonomskom rastu, kao i političkoj i socijalnoj stabilnosti. Posledično, u Kini se poslednjih godina javlja hibridni model države blagostanja.
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