Kriza multilateralizma u međunarodnoj trgovini: Svetska trgovinska organizacija od normativnog pluralizma do „upravljanja klubovima”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18485/fpn_godisnjak.2025.19.33_34.1Ključne reči:
Svetska trgovinska organizacija, međunarodni trgovinski sistem, normativni pluralizam, fragmentacija, globalno upravljanjeApstrakt
Svetska trgovinska organizacija (STO) jedno je od ključnih poprišta borbe za institucionalnu arhitekturu, norme i vrednosti svetskog poretka u nastajanju. Nekada shvatana kao ključni stub multilateralnog liberalnog poretka “zasnovanog na pravilima” i kao primer efikasne institucije čiji mehanizam za rešavanje sporova može poslužiti kao model drugim multilateralnim organizacijama, postala je mesto sporenja različitih konkurentskih vizija budućnosti globalnog trgovinskog sistema. Kina, Indija i Brazil, sile u usponu, dovode u pitanje postojeći liberalni institucionalni okvir, koji je oblikovao upravljanje međunarodnom trgovinom promovišući ideje o reformi STO. S druge strane, Sjedinjene Američke Države, kao ključni akter postojećeg sistema, suštinski ga ugrožavaju sopstvenim unilateralnim delovanjem i aktivnim sprečavanjem funkcionisanja Mehanizma za rešavanje sporova u okviru STO, blokiranjem izbora članova njegovog Apelacionog tela. Rad će, koristeći koncepte osporenog multilateralizma i protivmultilateralizma, nastojati da analizira konkurentne institucionalne i normativne tenzije u okviru vizija o reformi Svetske trgovinske organizacije, koje predstavljaju odraz transformacija globalnog trgovinskog poretka ali i moguće posledice trenutne krize STO na globalno upravljanje u ovom domenu.
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